Homeostasis Maintained Through Breathing
Background knowledge of project
Homeostasis is where a stable environment is maintained in an organism. A feedback loop is related to this. A feedback loop is where there is a loop going from stimulus to receptor then to center control which goes to effector then back to stimulus and repeats until a certain point. There are two types of feedback loops which are positive and negative. Knowing this we (my class) then tested in groups how the human body maintains homeostasis. My group with James, Elliot and myself decided to test breathing and how it maintains homeostasis.
Respiratory system and homeostasis
Homeostasis is maintained through many ways, breathing is one of them. Breathing maintains pH levels in the blood by removing carbon dioxide and adding oxygen, giving oxygen to cells to create energy, regulating gas exchange, and maintaining moisture levels by exhaling (which helps with that). Many organs are involved in breathing the respiratory system. The airway includes nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles which carries air to lungs which does gas exchange and gives more oxygen to blood to get more energy and the blood is circulated throughout the body with the circulatory system. All of the systems in the human body are connected, every single thing affects everything else in a way. There are many hormones involved in breathing which some of them are hypothalamic neuropeptides which act as neurotransmitters and and neuromodulators in the central nervous system. These hormones are involved in physiologic regulation of breathing and they participate in the adjustment of breathing disease.
Procedure
Our procedure for testing homeostasis through breathing was that we tested ourselves, and the way we tested ourselves is by first checking our normal breathing rate. We did two trials or each test, 5 minutes apart are the trials. We recorded normal breathing/ average and then we took a math test in which we answered 4 questions to see if it would increase our breathing. Then we answered 4 different questions but math related and tested our breathing again. The test did somewhat, but not really for one of the subjects. We did it twice, around 5 minutes apart and got similar results. Then we went on the track at the San Marin High School and jogged 1/4 of a mile (one lap on the track, 400 meters). After that we tested our breathing again. Then around 5 minutes later we tested again. One of the subjects was running instead of jogging for the second trial which explains why they were breathing more heavily than before. The other two just jogged. In around 5 to 10 minutes the breathing rate decreased back to normal showing homeostasis maintained in the human body. We recorded the breaths per minute by using a stopwatch (the stopwatch on the phone which we could lap) and lapping each moment we inhaled up until a minute which then we counted how many laps we did which was how many breaths per minute we did. We recorded our results in a table with two trials for each test that was run. We tested twice. The link to the math test used is for the procedure is: http://www.act.org/content/act/en/products-and-services/the-act/test-preparation/math-practice-test-questions.html?page=0&chapter=0.
Feedback loop
It was a positive feedback loop in a way because the breathing regulated more oxygen in blood and heart beat increased and that is good for the human health so it would be positive feedback loop. The activity increased in the human body which led to the heart beating faster to pump more blood and body breathing faster to get more oxygen to blood and it maintains homeostasis then after 5 minutes with resting the body returns back to normal (breathing wise and so on). The independent variable in the tests my group and I did was the tests and subjects; the dependent variable was breathing and how it maintains homeostasis; and the control was the temperature, subjects, and tests performed.
The Scientific Method
There are 5 steps in the scientific method. They are make observations, make a hypothesis, design and perform an experiment, analyze (analyze data, results as well as revisit hypothesis), and share knowledge (develop a law, theory with it). We used this process in a way for this project. We then organized our results in a google slideshow that will be shown below in a format of scientific research article. The scientific research article contains an abstract, introduction, procedure, analysis, conclusion, and works cited.
My group and I made the following slideshow in format of scientific research article of our results of testing how breathing maintains homeostasis.
Homeostasis is where a stable environment is maintained in an organism. A feedback loop is related to this. A feedback loop is where there is a loop going from stimulus to receptor then to center control which goes to effector then back to stimulus and repeats until a certain point. There are two types of feedback loops which are positive and negative. Knowing this we (my class) then tested in groups how the human body maintains homeostasis. My group with James, Elliot and myself decided to test breathing and how it maintains homeostasis.
Respiratory system and homeostasis
Homeostasis is maintained through many ways, breathing is one of them. Breathing maintains pH levels in the blood by removing carbon dioxide and adding oxygen, giving oxygen to cells to create energy, regulating gas exchange, and maintaining moisture levels by exhaling (which helps with that). Many organs are involved in breathing the respiratory system. The airway includes nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles which carries air to lungs which does gas exchange and gives more oxygen to blood to get more energy and the blood is circulated throughout the body with the circulatory system. All of the systems in the human body are connected, every single thing affects everything else in a way. There are many hormones involved in breathing which some of them are hypothalamic neuropeptides which act as neurotransmitters and and neuromodulators in the central nervous system. These hormones are involved in physiologic regulation of breathing and they participate in the adjustment of breathing disease.
Procedure
Our procedure for testing homeostasis through breathing was that we tested ourselves, and the way we tested ourselves is by first checking our normal breathing rate. We did two trials or each test, 5 minutes apart are the trials. We recorded normal breathing/ average and then we took a math test in which we answered 4 questions to see if it would increase our breathing. Then we answered 4 different questions but math related and tested our breathing again. The test did somewhat, but not really for one of the subjects. We did it twice, around 5 minutes apart and got similar results. Then we went on the track at the San Marin High School and jogged 1/4 of a mile (one lap on the track, 400 meters). After that we tested our breathing again. Then around 5 minutes later we tested again. One of the subjects was running instead of jogging for the second trial which explains why they were breathing more heavily than before. The other two just jogged. In around 5 to 10 minutes the breathing rate decreased back to normal showing homeostasis maintained in the human body. We recorded the breaths per minute by using a stopwatch (the stopwatch on the phone which we could lap) and lapping each moment we inhaled up until a minute which then we counted how many laps we did which was how many breaths per minute we did. We recorded our results in a table with two trials for each test that was run. We tested twice. The link to the math test used is for the procedure is: http://www.act.org/content/act/en/products-and-services/the-act/test-preparation/math-practice-test-questions.html?page=0&chapter=0.
Feedback loop
It was a positive feedback loop in a way because the breathing regulated more oxygen in blood and heart beat increased and that is good for the human health so it would be positive feedback loop. The activity increased in the human body which led to the heart beating faster to pump more blood and body breathing faster to get more oxygen to blood and it maintains homeostasis then after 5 minutes with resting the body returns back to normal (breathing wise and so on). The independent variable in the tests my group and I did was the tests and subjects; the dependent variable was breathing and how it maintains homeostasis; and the control was the temperature, subjects, and tests performed.
The Scientific Method
There are 5 steps in the scientific method. They are make observations, make a hypothesis, design and perform an experiment, analyze (analyze data, results as well as revisit hypothesis), and share knowledge (develop a law, theory with it). We used this process in a way for this project. We then organized our results in a google slideshow that will be shown below in a format of scientific research article. The scientific research article contains an abstract, introduction, procedure, analysis, conclusion, and works cited.
My group and I made the following slideshow in format of scientific research article of our results of testing how breathing maintains homeostasis.
Reflection
What we did really well was manage our time and work efficiently. What we also managed to do well was get work done. A few things we could improve for next time is record breathing normally, before run then after run. I feel that would have made more of a difference than taking a test since one subject's breathing rate did not increase and stayed around the same. It could be a possibility that math is the subjects favorite subject and the questions were easy and they did not have to sweat much or breathe more. But I feel it might have also been more effective to do question the subjects are bad at for a test. In the end the results were good, but if we were to redo it we would make it better by running more tests to see if results changed. Overall it went good, everyone worked together and use the time efficiently.